湖北省耕地利用转型对农民增收的空间溢出效应研究

基于2005～2017年湖北省74个县域面板数据,构建基于交通权重的空间权重矩阵,利用空间杜宾模型,实证研究耕地利用转型影响农民增收的空间溢出效应,并进一步揭示该溢出效应呈现的具体规律与特征.研究表明:(1)耕地利用转型各形态和农民收入水平都具有显著的正向空间自相关性;(2)农民收入水平的空间自回归系数ρ为0.65,表明相邻县域农民增收存在正向空间溢出效应,即本县域农民收入增长1％,相邻县域农民收入将会增长0.65％;(3)相邻县域间的空间溢出效应主要靠耕地数量、农业劳动力和基础设施投入形态变化驱动,其中,农业劳动力形态变化产生的空间溢出效应占总效应的69％,耕地数量形态占15％,基础设施投入形态占12％.因此,应注意提升县域间耕地利用系统协同性,利用其空间溢出效应促进湖北省各县域共同发展、农民收入协同提高.     

The land carrying capacity and environmental risk assessment of livestock and poultry breeding considering crop planting

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - At present, the contradiction between survival and ecology necessitates the integration of crop planting, chemical fertilizer application, and...     

Robust Regression with Data-Dependent Regularization Parameters and Autoregressive Temporal Correlations

We introduce robust procedures for analyzing water quality data collected over time. One challenging task in analyzing such data is how to achieve robustness in presence of outliers while maintaining high estimation efficiency so that we can draw valid conclusions and provide useful advices in water management. The robust approach requires specification of a loss function such as the Huber, Tukey’s bisquare and the exponential loss function, and an associated tuning parameter determining the extent of robustness needed. High robustness is at the cost of efficiency loss in parameter loss. To this end, we propose a data-driven method which leads to more efficient parameter estimation. This data-dependent approach allows us to choose a regularization (tuning) parameter that depends on the proportion of “outliers” in the data so that estimation efficiency is maximized. We illustrate the proposed methods using a study on ammonium nitrogen concentrations from two sites in the Huaihe River in China, where the interest is in quantifying the trend in the most recent years while accounting for possible temporal correlations and “irregular” observations in earlier years.     

含能材料CL-20的热安全性测试分析

CL-20是一种高能量、高性能的炸药。为了研究CL-20的热分解性能,分别采用DSC-TG、DSC-TG-QMS联用系统和高压型差示扫描量热仪(DSC 204 HP)对CL-20的热安全性进行了测试分析,并计算了CL-20的热力学参数和动力学参数。结果表明,CL-20固体炸药在不同升温速率下的TG曲线基本相似,都只有一个台阶。在升温速率为10 K/min时,CL-20在放热峰温处的活化焓、活化熵和活化自由能分别是177.26 k J/mol、52.61 J/(K·mol)和149.7 kJ/mol。CL-20热分解后的气体产物主要有NO、CO、CO_2和H_2O,离子流强度约为10-9A,其中H_2O的离子流强度最大。不同压力时CL-20热分解的过程不同,在压力高的情况下CL-20分解放热更多,反应过程越剧烈,热安全性越差。与常压下相比DSC放热峰值温度降低。     

试论生态文明制度体系的构建

建立健全生态文明制度体系是推进我国生态文明建设的重点。党的十八届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》指出,生态文明制度体系应当包括决策制度、评价制度、管理制度与考核制度等内容。立足社会主义制度建设的中国特色,针对我国生态文明建设的具体需求,本文将生态文明制度体系解构为四大板块:绿色高效决策制度、生态有价评估制度、生态环境监管制度与生态优先考核制度,并进一步明确了各项制度构建工作的具体内容。生态文明制度体系的构建和不断完善,将为全面建成人与自然和谐的美丽中国提供系统保障。     

碱熔融—微波晶化法合成粉煤灰沸石及其对Cd2+的吸附

以粉煤灰为主要原料，采用碱熔融—微波晶化法合成粉煤灰沸石。采用XRD，SEM，TEM等技术表征了粉煤灰沸石的微观结构，并对其吸附Cd²⁺的性能进行了研究。表征结果显示，粉煤灰沸石主要由X型沸石、P型沸石和铝组成，粉煤灰沸石中有排列规则、呈蜂窝状的孔穴和孔道存在，其孔穴和孔道大小分布均匀，致密。粉煤灰沸石的比表面积为108.49 m²/g，平均孔径为3.779 nm，孔体积为0.221 mL/g。实验结果表明，在溶液pH为7、吸附时间30 min的最佳吸附条件下，Cd²⁺去除率均大于94%。粉煤灰沸石对Cd²⁺的吸附可很好地用二级动力学方程进行拟合，相关系数为0.999 99。可用Langmuir等温吸附模型描述该吸附过程，该吸附过程是单分子层吸附，主要是化学吸附，粉煤灰沸石对Cd²⁺的饱和吸附量为49.261 mg/g。     

Soil surface Hg emission flux in coalfield in Wuda,Inner Mongolia,China

Hg emission flux from various land covers, such as forests, wetlands, and urban areas, have been investigated. China has the largest area of coalfield in the world, but data of Hg flux of coalfields, especially, those with coal fires, are seriously limited. In this study, Hg fluxes of a coalfield were measured using the dynamic flux chamber (DFC) method, coupled with a Lumex multifunctional Hg analyzer RA-915+ (Lumex Ltd., Russia). The results show that the Hg flux in Wuda coalfield ranged from 4 to 318 ng m^?2 h^?1, and the average value for different areas varied, e.g., coal-fire area 99 and 177 ng m^?2 h^?1; no coal-fire area 19 and 32 ng m^?2 h^?1; and backfilling area 53 ng m^?2 h^?1. Hg continued to be emitted from an underground coal seam, even if there were no phenomena, such as vents, cracks, and smog, of coal fire on the soil surface. This phenomenon occurred in all area types, i.e., coal-fire area, no coal-fire area, and backfilling area, which is universal in Wuda coalfield. Considering that many coalfields in northern China are similar to Wuda coalfield, they may be large sources of atmospheric Hg. The correlations of Hg emission flux with influence factors, such as sunlight intensity, soil surface temperature, and atmospheric Hg content, were also investigated for Wuda coalfield.

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某发展性故障中双套保护装置动作报文不一致原因分析

对一起220 kV线路短路故障跳闸进行分析,找出PRS-753型线路保护装置与PSL-603型线路保护装置2套保护装置针对发展性故障动作报告不一致的原因和影响保护动作行为的现场缺陷,提出保护装置报文应用的优化逻辑,以使高压线路发生此类故障时,双重化保护装置能够准确地、完整地记录故障情况和保护动作情况,以方便继电保护人员分析处理故障缺陷。     

Deep learning of grasping detection for a robot used in sorting construction and demolition waste

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The traditional construction and demolition waste (CDW) treatment process adopts the method of crushing and screening after mixing and combines the...